Chickpea cyst nematode - Heterodera ciceri
EEffective: August 18, 2010
Taxonomic Position:
Tylenchida : Heteroderidae
Pest Type:
Nematodes
Pest Code (NAPIS):
NEFBCCB
This pest is a member of the following lists:
These Approved Methods are appropriate for:
2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015
Major Hosts identified in the Host Matrix:
Chickpea
This list includes important economic or environmental hosts but does not represent all major hosts of the pest. Check CAPS pest datasheet for complete list of hosts.
Pest is vectored by:
This pest is is not known to be a vector and it is not vectored by any organism.
Survey
Approved Method(s):
Method |
Instructions |
NAPIS Survey Method |
Soil Sample |
Send sample to nematology diagnostic lab where nematodes will be extracted and identified (preferred method). |
3012 - General Soil Sample
|
Tissue Sample |
Send sample to nematology diagnostic lab where nematodes will be extracted and identified. |
3011 - General Tissue Sample
|
Survey Instruction Details:
Laboratory methods that are acceptable for cyst extraction include sugar centrifugation, USDA cyst extractor, Fenwick can sieving, wet sieving, and elutriation.
Signs:
Mature females and cysts are just visible to the naked eye and can be seen as minute, white, lemon-shaped bodies on the root surface.
Symptoms:
Poor growth and extensive yellowing.
Key Diagnostics
ID/Diagnostic: Morphological
Morphological: Characteristics of second-stage juveniles, males, females, and cysts.
Mistaken Identities:
Heterodera ciceri resembles H. trifolii in general morphology, but differs in host range, the presence of males, by the fenestral measurements, and characteristics of the second-stage juvenile.
In Progress / Literature-based Diagnostics:
Molecular: Clapp et al. (2000) developed a technique for rapid identification of Heterodera spp. based on ITS2 sequence variation detected by PCR single-strand conformational polymorphism (PCR-SSCP). Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis has been developed for distinguishing between nematodes in the genus Heterodera (Subbotin et al., 2000; Sabo et al., 2001; Madani et al., 2004). The analysis is conducted on ribosomal DNA in the internal transcribed spacer region with multiple restriction enzymes. Heterodera ciceri has specific RFLP profiles for numerous restrictions enzymes that are described and compared to other species in the Heterodera genus (Subbotin et al., 2010). Imren et al. (2012) characterized 46 populations of H. ciceri using ITS sequencing.
Notes:
This root feeder cyst forming nematode is distributed mainly in the Middle East (Syria), where it causes serious damage to chick pea. It occurs in Turkey as well. The nematode reproduces well on garden pea and lentil. It can be introduced with seeds, plant material, or soil debris contaminated with cysts.